วันพฤหัสบดีที่ 13 มีนาคม พ.ศ. 2557

Useful sentences in thesis reports, manuscripts, research articles, dissertation

การเขียน Abstract



การเขียนช่วงต้น ๆ ของ Abstract หรือ 

With the broader aim of providing insights into the workability of "explicit grammar instruction in association with online practices", the study explored the effects of ....


อันนี้เป็น Introได้ ทั้งใน abstract และใน introduction จริง ๆ
There have been lots of studies done on the topic to date investigating the effectiveness of different types of feedback on EFL learners’ language development.



การสร้าง argument ในสิ่งที่กำลังจะศึกษา

Researchers have debated whether grammar should be taught in the classroom and students, for their part, have generally looked upon grammar instruction as a necessary evil at best, and an avoidable burden at worst . 
(Andrew, 2007), For an educational purpose

การเขียนช่วงท้าย ๆ ของ Abstract หรือ 
จะบอกว่าผลวิจัยสนับสนุนความคิดที่ว่า
The results supported the premise that....
The findings confirm the effectiveness  of the ....
The results supports the.............. that


The results of this study concludes that CLT furnished with explicit instruction on form and meaning gives exposure to the learners not only to achieve fluency, but also accuracy in language use, especially of grammar items. 


Useful template sentences of English writing test of essay

1. with the booming of economy

2. It is commonly believed that

3. I give my vote to the former / latter opinion

4. It is undeniable that ...

5. a heated discussion /debate

6. a controversial issue

7. As far as I am concerned, / Personally

8. be supported by sound reasons

9. argument on both sides

10. play an increasingly important role in ...

11. be indispensable to

12. As the proverb goes:

13. exert positive / negative effects on ...

12. lead to / give rise to /contribute to / result in

13. The advantages far outweight the disadvantages.

14. a complicated social phenomenon

15. widen one's horizon / broaden one's vision

16. taking many factors into consideration

17. from another perspective

18. make joint efforts.

19. be beneficial to / be conducive to ...

20. make contributions to the ….

21. lay a solid foundation for ...

22. be committed / devoted to ...

23. Admittedly

24. a reliable source of information

25. the Internet (note to have 'the', and 'i' should be captilized)

26. hold different attitudes towards this issue

27. to some extent

28. an irresistible trend of ...

49. the increasingly keen social competition

50. immediate interest / short-term interest

51. long-term interest

52. has its own merits and demerits / pros and cons

53. do harm to / be harmful to / be detrimental to

54. exchange ideas / emotions / information

55. keep pace with /keep abreast with the latest development of ...

56. the healthy development of ...

57. attach great importance to ...

58. social status

59. focus one's time and energy on ...

60. expand one's scope of knowledge

61. both physically and mentally

62. be directly / indirectly related to ...

63. give rise to / lead to / spell various problems

64. the words to replace 'think' : believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion / belief / view that

65. relieve stress / burden

66. give (top) priority to sth

67. compared with .../ in comparison with

68. degradable / decomposable material

69. replace / substitute / take the place of

70. offer job opportunities

71. mirror the social progress / advance

72. enhance / promote mutual understanding

73. make full use of / take advantage of

74. suffer from heavier work pressure

75. guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society

76. realize one's dream

77. adapt oneself to the social development

78. put more emphasis on ...

79. the main / leading reasons are list as follows:

80. we still have a long way to go


These are some useful expressions used in academic writing:
1. Stating your own position on a Subject or Topic
·         This paper aims at...
·         This paper will be concerned with...
·         The aim of this paper is to…
·         The point of this article is to…
·         It shall be argued in this paper/essay/review that…
·         The view presented in this paper/essay/review is that..
2. Presenting your own point of view
·         I strongly believe that...
·         To my mind...
·         As I see it....
·         It seems to me evident/obvious that...
·         I feel that...
·         I think/contend that...
·         There are many reasons why…
·         It is important/necessary to point out that…
·         The first thing to be considered is…
·         It is a fact that…
3. Supporting your view and adding more information:
·         The first/second reason why…is…
·         Firstly/Secondly...
·         not only ...but also...
·         The most important…
·         In addition, …
·         Furthermore, …
·         What is more, …
·         Another reason is …
·         A further point is …
4. Stating the view of Another Person on a Subject or Topic
·         Harris's approch (1970, p. 1) can be described as follows...
·         Chomsky (1965, p. 133) maintains/argues/asserts/claims/points out that...
·         Th authors views ca be stated as follows...
·         The opinion of Chomsky (1965, p. 133) is that…
·         Chomsky (1965, p. 133)) has suggested that ….
·         According to Smith (1992, p. 123), …
·         It is thought by some theorists, for example, Chomsky (1965, p. 133) and Harris (1970, p. 1) that…
5. Agreeing with the Views of Others
·         I don't agree with the authors ideas/thoughts...because...
·         I don't think the author's views are accurate...because...
·         Chomsky (1965, p. 133) is certainly/may be correct/accurate in saying that … because…
·         As Chomsky (1965, p. 133) says/states …
·         Like Chomsky (1965, p. 133), it can be agreed that …. because…
6. Disagreeing with the Views of Others
·         Chomsky (1965, p. 133) fails to address the issue when he says "…" because …
·         When Chomsky (1965, p. 133) argues that …. his reasoning is questionable because….
·         One of the main arguments against Chomsky (1965, p. 133) and Harris (1970, p. 1) is that …
·         Harris (1970) approach/position/methods is/are somewhat inadequate/inaccurate/insufficient because…
·         There is some doubt that…
7. Indicating a Lack of Knowledge in a Particular Topic or Subject
·         Despite the book's attempts to... it lacks a accuracy...
·         What I find lacking in the research is...
·         Although the research has tended to focus on…..rather less attention has been paid to…
·         Most studies, such as Harris (1970, p. 1) and Chomsky (1965, p. 133) have emphasized/concentrated on/focused on inadequate /insufficient….
8. Drawing a Conclusion Using the Work of Others
·         To sum up, ...
·         In a nutshell, ...
·         In conclusion, ...
·         In short, ...
·         In summary, ...
·         As a conclusion, ...
·         As a summary, ...
·         All in all, ...
·         To conclude, ...
·         To sum up, ...
·         Based on these authors, a connection can be made between…
·         It can be concluded from what Jones (2004, p. 2) and Smith (2002, p. 1) have stated that... is …
·         When Smith’s (2001, p.52) work/paper is looked at closely, it is seen that…
·         One outcome of Smith’s (2001, p.52) work/paper/research is …


ลักษณะของ paper ที่ reviewers อ่านแล้วเบื่อได้ 
โดย Sand-Jenson in Oikos 2007, 116 723 (C&E News Sept 10, 2007)

1. ขาด Focus
2. ขาด originality ขาด personality
3. เขียนแล้ว article really really long
4. ไม่ระบุหรือบอก potential implications
5. Leave out illustrations (…too much effort to draw a 
sensible drawing)
6. ขาด necessary steps of reasoning
7. ใช้ abbreviations and technical terms ที่เข้าใจเฉพาะคนในศาสตร์ 
8. ดู serious แต่ไม่มี significant discussion
9. Focus only on statistics
10. statement ทุกอันมี reference

รวบรวมโดย อาจารย์รภัสศักย์  เหตุทอง


References


Andrews, K. L. Z. (2007). The effects of implicit and explicit instruction on simple and complex grammatical structures for adult English language learners. TESL-EJ, 11(2). Retrieved March 11, 2008, from http://tesl-ej.org/ej42/a5.html


Sources:
http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/writing-useful-espressions-essay.php#.UyhWQfl_uSo

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